Developing the Conceptual Framework for Islamophobia: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Keywords:
Islamophobia, discrimination, Salman Sayyid, Conceptual Framework for Islamophobia, misunderstandingsAbstract
Islamophobia is a form of bias, discrimination, and hatred towards Islam and its adherents that is frequently based on stereotypes and misunderstandings. Studies of Islamophobia is an interdisciplinary subject of academic research and analysis that focuses on the examination and understanding of this phenomenon. This area of research aims to investigate the numerous facets of Islamophobia, such as its historical causes, cultural effects, sociopolitical settings, and psychological underpinnings. In addition to giving techniques and answers for addressing and combating this form of discrimination, it seeks to shed light on the origins, effects, and implications of Islamophobia in many societies and circumstances. This paper aims to delve into the historical roots of islamophobia, and different perspectives on Islamophobia and reviews the major working frameworks of islamophobia studies with a special focus on Salman Sayyid’s model. This paper provides a historical background to the problem and islamophobia and examines the related concepts and themes analytically. It also engages with the analysis of the attempts to explain the phenomenon of islamophobia thematically and investigates its social expressions in their definitive perspectives.
Downloads
References
Abbas, T. (2004). After 9/11: British south Asian Muslims, islamophobia, multiculturalism, and the state. American Journal of Islam and Society, 21(3), 26-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v21i3.506
Allen, C. (2010). Islamophobia. Ashgate Publishing
Aroney, N., & Ahdar, R. (2011). The Accommodation of the Shari'a within Western Legal Systems. Rutgers JL & Religion, 13, 387.
Beydoun, K. A. (2020). Exporting Islamophobia in the Global" War on Terror". NYUL Rev. Online, 95, 81.
Bravo López, F. (2011). Towards a definition of Islamophobia: Approximations of the early twentieth century. Ethnic and racial studies, 34(4), 556-573. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2010.528440
Carr, J. (2016). Experiences of Islamophobia: Living with racism in the neoliberal era. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315723921
Green, T. H. (2019). The fear of Islam: An introduction to Islamophobia in the West. Fortress press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvcb5c4r
Gottschalk, P., & Greenberg, G. (2008). Islamophobia: making Muslims the enemy. Rowman & Littlefield.
Hafez, F. (2018). Schools of thought in Islamophobia studies: prejudice, racism, and decoloniality. Islamophobia Studies Journal. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13169/islastudj.4.2.0210
Iqbal, Z. (2019). Islamophobia: History, context and deconstruction. Sage Publications Pvt. Limited. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9789353287863
Itaoui, R., & Elsheikh, E. (2018). Islamophobia in the United States: A Reading Resource Pack. Haas Institute for a Fair and Inclusive Society, University of California.
Kumar, D. (2021). Islamophobia and the politics of empire: twenty years after 9/11. Verso books.
Lee, S. A., Gibbons, J. A., Thompson, J. M., & Timani, H. S. (2009). The Islamophobia scale: Instrument development and initial validation. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 19(2), 92-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10508610802711137
Mastnak, T. (2010). Western Hostility toward Muslims: A History of the Present,” Chapter 1 in Islamophobia/Islamophilia.
Najib, K. (2021). Spatialized Islamophobia. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003019428
Pratt, D., & Woodlock, R. (Eds.). (2016). Fear of Muslims?: international perspectives on Islamophobia. Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29698-2
Sayyid, S., & Vakil, A. (2010). Thinking through Islamophobia: global perspectives. Hurst.
Sayyid, S. (2014). A measure of Islamophobia. Islamophobia Studies Journal, 2(1), 10-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13169/islastudj.2.1.0010
Sheehi, S. (2010). Islamophobia: The ideological campaign against Muslims. SCB Distributors
Stolz, J. (2005). Explaining islamophobia. A test of four theories based on the case of a Swiss City. SchweizerischeZeitschrift für Soziologie, 31(3).
Trust, R. (1997). Islamophobia: A challenge for us all. London: Runnymede Trust, 41, 3.
Zempi, I., & Awan, I. (Eds.). (2019). The Routledge international handbook of Islamophobia. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351135559
Zúquete, J. P. (2008). The European extreme-right and Islam: New directions?. Journal of political ideologies, 13(3), 321-344. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13569310802377019
Published on: 15-10-2023
Also Available On
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Shufaq Ayesha
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors contributing to this journal retain the copyright of their articles but agree to publish their articles under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, for any purpose, even commercially, under the condition that appropriate credit is given, that a link to the license is provided, and that they indicate if changes were made. They may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses them or their use.